There are many diseases that are caused by the malfunction of specific organelles.

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BIO 101 MODULE 2 DISCUSSION

Discussion: Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

Discussion Topic

The cells in our body are complex cells called eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are very simple, like bacteria. Prokaryotic cells tend to be less organized and more primitive, whereas eukaryotic cells like our skin, liver, and brain cells benefit from the complexity of organization and compartmentalization. Although simple, prokaryotic cells like bacteria are not compartmentalized like human and animal cells, but they seem to function as they need to.

Bacteria have been around for millions of years and survive in the harshest of conditions. Is being complex always beneficial?

Use the search terms “eukaryotic” or “prokaryotic” at The Scientist site and find a recent discovery to share with your classmates. Summarize the article and compare/contrast the articles findings with those of your classmates.

 

BIO 101 MODULE 2 CASE

Case Assignment

There are many diseases that are caused by the malfunction of specific organelles. Three examples are listed below: Cystic Fibrosis, Pompe Disease and Leigh Syndrome. Select one of the disorders below and complete an essay of approximately 2-3 pages in length, addressing the questions below. A link is provided to introduce you to each disorder. You will need to conduct additional research to fully complete your essay. You should consult a minimum of three quality sources when researching parts I-IV below to complete your essay.

1. Cystic Fibrosis – One of the causes of the symptoms of cystic fibrosis is a defect in the calcium and chlorine ion channels in the cell membranes, thus producing abnormal amounts of fluid and salts in specific organs.Shannon, S. (2016). The Cellular Mechanism of CS: The Basics. Cystic Fibrosis News Today. Retrieved from https://cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com/2015/03/12/the-cellular-mechanism-of-cf-the-basics/
2. Pompe Disease – The inability of the lysosome to break down macromolecules like glycogen causes a build-up of those substances within the organelle. This leads to progressive muscle weakness due to the lack of monomers available to the mitochondria for cellular respiration.Pompe Disease.(n.d.) National Organization for Rare Disorders. Retrieved from
   https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/pompe-disease/
3. Leigh Syndrome – The inability to effectively produce ATP due to a defective mitochondrial gene for one of the ATPase enzymes. Symptoms start in the central nervous system and progressively worsen.Leigh Syndrome. (n.d.). US National Library of Medicine. Retrieved from https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/leigh-syndrome (also a good source for genetic information on the conditions above)

I. Cellular cause of disease

Describe the type of cell(s) involved with the disease. What is the specific function of this type of cell? If an organelle or other cell structure is the problem in the disease, include information about it. Are there more of a specific type of organelle in this type of cell? Why is the cell not performing properly in this type of disorder? Does this disorder affect other parts of the body?

II. Disease- Basic Information

Describe what someone with the disease would notice, and what doctors find when doing an examination. How serious is the disease? What happens if it is not treated? What effect does it have on normal living? Is it inherited? If so, describe the inheritance pattern and the gene responsible. How does the malfunctioning cell cause the symptoms? Usually there is a protein or enzyme that isn’t produced properly. How is this related to the symptoms?

III. Disease Treatment and Research

How is the disease currently being treated? Is it curable, or is the treatment only for the symptoms? What research is currently being conducted to find a cure/treatment? Is there hope for a cure/treatment? Are stem cells or gene therapy used in research? Can these therapies lead to a cure? Why is continued research important?

IV. Summarize your findings.

 

BIO 101 MODULE 2 SLP 2 QUIZ

For your Module 2 SLP you will be completing a multiple-choice quiz based on the required readings from Modules 1 and 2.

Remember: Be sure to take notes as you read through the materials from each module, as your quiz is based on all the material from both Modules 1 and 2.

Your quiz consists of 15 randomly generated multiple-choice questions worth 2 points each, for a maximum of 30 points.

Time and planning:

You will have 45 minutes minutes to complete the quiz.

You will be able to retake the quiz to improve on your score to a maximum of 2 attempts. The highest attempt score will count toward your final grade.

You cannot exit the quiz once it has started. If you experience technical problems—a dropped Internet connection, a crashed computer, or the like—while taking a quiz, first try to reconnect and re-enter the quiz.

If the quiz is still available, and your time to take the quiz has not expired, you can pick up where you left off.

Note: If the quiz has expired and you cannot finish, the attempt is still counted. Therefore, it is important to answer the questions to the best of your ability on each quiz attempt.

 

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